Iyintoni intsingiselo yokuphupha malunga namaphela ephupheni ngokutsho kuka-Ibn Sirin?

UMostafa Ahmed
Amaphupha ka-Ibn Sirin
UMostafa Ahmed25 nge-2024Uhlaziyo lokugqibela: kwinyanga eyi-XNUMX edlulileyo

Ukutolikwa kwephupha malunga namaphela

Ukubona amaphela emaphupheni, ngakumbi lawo avela ebusuku, anokuthwala iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nobomi bomntu ophuphayo kunye neemvakalelo.
Kwezinye iinguqulelo, ezi zinambuzane zingabonwa njengophawu lomntu oneenjongo ezingcolileyo, onokuthi abe nefuthe elibi kubomi bomphuphi, okubangela ukuba axhalabe kunye nokuphazamiseka ngenxa yentetho engafanelekanga kunye nokuhleba.

Kumfana ongatshatanga obona iphela ephupheni, oku kunokutolikwa njengesilumkiso kuye ngemfuneko yokucotha aze akhethe ngenyameko ekukhetheni iqabane lakhe lobomi ukuze aphephe ukunxulumana nomntu onokumenza azisole kwixesha elizayo. .
Ukubonakala kwe-cockroach emnyama ephupheni kungabonisa iingxaki zengqondo okanye imeko yokungazinzi ngokomzwelo, okwenza kube yimfuneko ukuba umphuphi anakekele impilo yakhe yengqondo kunye nokujongana naziphi na iingxaki ajongene nazo.

Komnye umongo, ukuba umntu ubona ephupheni lakhe ukuba amaphela anyebelezela ekutyeni kwakhe, oku kunokubonakalisa izenzo zokungakhathali okanye izigqibo ezingacingelwanga kakuhle ezikhokelela ekungaphumelelini kwakhe.
Lo mbono ubiza lowo uphuphayo ukuba aphinde acinge ngendlela yakhe yokuphila aze abe nengqiqo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba amaphela avela emzimbeni womphuphi, oku kunokubonisa umona okanye ikhwele abanye abavakalelwa kuye ngenxa yeempawu zakhe ezintle kunye nempumelelo.
Kodwa ukuba uhamba ngeengubo zakhe, oku kunokutolikwa njengophawu lokuba nomsindo okanye ukunganeliseki kubomi bakhe, nto leyo efuna ukucinga okulungileyo nokusukela ulonwabo.

Ukuba ubona amaphela egcwalisa igumbi lokulala, kunokuqwalaselwa njengesilumkiso malunga nokubaluleka kokugcina iimfihlo kwaye ungavezi kakhulu malunga nobumfihlo obunokuba ngumthombo wokukhathazeka kamva.

Ukuphupha ngamaphela kwindawo yokuhlambela - ukuchazwa kwamaphupha

Ukutolikwa kokubona amaphela ephupheni ngokutsho kuka-Ibn Sirin

Umphengululi wokutolika amaphupha, u-Ibn Sirin, uchaza ukuba ukubona amaphela ephupheni kunokuxela kwangaphambili ubukho bobutshaba nokuhanahanisa phakathi kwabantu abangqonge umphuphi.
Ngokohlalutyo lwakhe, lo mbono ubonisa ubukho babantu abanganyanisekanga kwisangqa sentlalo somphuphi.
Ukuba udibana nokuhlaselwa kwe-cockroach ephupheni, u-Ibn Sirin utolika oku njengophawu lweengxaki ezininzi kunye neengxaki eziza kujamelana nazo umphuphi.

U-Ibn Sirin uthumela umyalezo oqhelekileyo kulabo abaphupha ngamaphela, ebonisa ukuba banokufanekisela iinzame eziqhubekayo ezenziwa ngumphuphi ukuze afezekise ukuzinza kunye nokhuseleko lwengqondo ebomini bakhe.
Ukholelwa ukuba ukuphupha ubamba iphela ngaphandle kokuziva usoyika okanye ukuzama ukulenza lilumkise lowo uphuphayo ukuba unokuchatshazelwa kakubi kukunxulumana kwakhe nabantu abaneempawu eziphantsi zokuziphatha.
Lo mbono uphethe iindaba ezilungileyo zokuba kunokwenzeka ukuphucula ubomi bomphuphi ngokuhlala kude naba bantu kunye nokulahla iingxaki ezinxulumene nabo.

Intsingiselo yokubona amaphela kwiphupha lomfazi omnye

Ekutolikweni kwephupha, ukubona amaphela ephupheni lomfazi oyedwa kunokuba luphawu lobukho bemingeni okanye abantu abaneenjongo zokungathembeki ebomini bakhe.
Lo mbono utolikwa njengomqondiso wokuba balumkele abantu bomgunyathi okanye abo banokuba nomona ngaye kwaye babe neemvakalelo ezimbi ngaye.
Eli phupha linokusebenza njengesilumkiso kwintombazana ukuba ivavanye ubudlelwane obumngqongileyo kwaye iphinde iqwalasele intembeko ayibeke kwabanye.

Kwakhona, iphupha malunga namaphela ngamanye amaxesha libonisa ukuxhatshazwa okanye iingxaki intombazana ejongene nayo ebomini bayo, enokuthi ivakalelwa kukuba ayinakukwazi ukunqoba okanye ukubalekela.
Ukuba intombazana iphupha ukuba ibanjwe yi-cockroach, oku kungabonisa ukuba uya kwenzakala okanye akhohliswe ngumntu obonisa iinjongo ezimbi kuye.

Kukholelwa ukuba la maphupha avela kwimvakalelo yangaphakathi yokuxhalaba kunye noxinzelelo malunga nemiba ethile ebomini bakhe, ngokungathi unobunzima bokufumana izisombululo kwiingxaki eziqhubekayo ezichaphazela kakubi intuthuzelo yakhe ngokwasengqondweni nasemzimbeni.

Ukutolikwa kokubona amaphela ephupheni kumfazi otshatileyo

Ehlabathini lamaphupha, ukubona amaphela kunokuthwala iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nobomi bomntu oleleyo, ngakumbi ukuba umfazi otshatileyo nguye obona eli phupha.
Ukubona amaphela echukumisa umzimba wakhe ephupheni kubonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba abe nomona okanye izenzo ezimbi, ezinjengobugqwirha.
Nangona ukubona amaphela ngemibala emnyama ephupheni lomfazi otshatileyo kunokuba luphawu lokuba mandundu iingxaki zomtshato kunye nokungavumelani okunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezingathandekiyo.

Xa ibhinqa elitshatileyo libona iphela lihamba phezu kwebhedi yakhe ephupheni, oku kunokuba luphawu lweempawu ezithile ezingathandekiyo kumyeni wakhe, njengokutyekela kubudlelwane obungekho mthethweni okanye ukwamkela isimilo esibi njengobusela okanye ubuqhophololo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, lo mbono unokutolikwa njengento ebonisa ubukho bezinto ezimbi kubuntu bomyeni.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba umyeni nguye obona iphela ebhedeni ephupheni, oku kunokutolikwa njengembonakaliso yokungabikho kweempawu ezinjengokunyaniseka, ukunyaniseka, nokuxhalabela kwicala lomfazi ngakuye. umyeni nabantwana.

Ukutolikwa kwephupha malunga namaphela kumfazi okhulelweyo

Ukubona amaphela ephupheni lomfazi okhulelweyo luphawu olunokuthi lubonise ukuba uya kujongana nemingeni yezempilo enxulumene nokukhulelwa, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba obu bunzima buya kunyamalala emva kokuzalwa komntwana wakhe, ngokukholelwa kumandla kaThixo.
Ukuba ibhinqa libona amaphela ephupheni lakhe, oku kungabonisa ukuba kukho abantu kwisangqa sakhe esisondeleyo ababonisa iimvakalelo eziphikisanayo, njengoko bebonisa uthando kodwa eneneni bambambele inzondo.
Kwelinye icala, ukuba inani lamaphela ephupheni lincinane, kuchazwa ukuba uThixo uya kumnika inkxaso nenkxaso de umntwana wakhe azalwe ekhuselekile.

Kwelinye icala, ukuphupha amaphela engena endlwini kunokufuzisela ixesha elisondelayo elizele ngamava anzima anokubangela umvandedwa onzulu.
Olu hlobo lwephupha lunokubonakalisa ukwesaba kweenguqu ezizayo ezinokuchaphazela kakubi ikhondo lobomi bomphuphi.

Ukutolikwa kwephupha malunga namaphela kumfazi oqhawule umtshato

Ukubonakala kwamaphela ephupheni lomfazi oqhawule umtshato kubonisa ukuba uhamba ngexesha eligcwele imingeni kunye nobunzima obuchaphazela kakubi ukuzinza kunye noxolo alufunayo ebomini bakhe.
Lo mbono usebenza njengesilumkiso kuye ngemfuneko yokuphaphela nokulumka kwindlela aqhubana ngayo nabantu abamngqongileyo, njengoko abanye babo besenokuba bamlalele ngenjongo yokumfaka engxakini.
Lo mbono ukwabongoza amabhinqa ukuba aphethukele kuThixo ukuze azikhusele wona neentsapho zawo kuwo nawuphi na umona okanye unxunguphalo olunokubangqongileyo.

Ubukho bephela eliphaphazelayo ephupheni bunentsingiselo ebalulekileyo enxulumene nemiphumo yengqondo nengokweemvakalelo ngenxa yamava amabi awawafumanayo, ingakumbi lawo anxulumene nomtshato wakhe wangaphambili kunye neengxaki awayejamelene nazo neqabane lakhe langaphambili.
Kulo mongo, ukubona iphela elimhlophe liphaphazela kunokuba luphawu lwethemba, njengoko libonisa ukufudukela kwinqanaba elitsha, elihle ngakumbi ebomini bakhe elinokubandakanya ubudlelwane kunye nomntu onokuziphatha okuhle oya kumbuyekeza ngento. ibidlulile.

Ngokubhekiselele kwi-cockroach endizayo ebonakala ephupheni, ingaba yisilumkiso malunga nobukho babantu abaneenjongo ezimbi kumphuphi kunye nabantwana bakhe.
Oku kufuna ukuba athathe inyathelo lokulumka kwaye anikele ingqalelo kwabo abavumelayo ukuba basondele kwihlabathi lakhe lobuqu kunye nelosapho.

Ukutolikwa kwephupha malunga ne-cockroach enkulu

Iphela elikhulu emaphupheni lihlala libonisa isethi yeengxaki kunye nemingeni umntu ajongene nayo ebomini bakhe.
Kukholelwa ukuba ukubonakala kolu hlobo lwenambuzane emaphupheni kubonisa ukwesaba kwangaphakathi kunye nokuxhalaba malunga nekamva elingaqinisekanga.

Xa ubona i-cockroach enkulu ephupheni kwaye uzive usoyika okanye ubaleke kuyo, oku kuchazwa njengento ebonisa uloyiko lwemihla ngemihla kunye nokuxhalaba okukhathaza umntu.

Kuthiwa ukuphupha iphela kusenokumela utshaba ekunzima ukujamelana nalo.
Kumaphupha anjalo, kucetyiswa ukuba kugcinwe umgama kulo buntu obubi kwaye ugweme impembelelo eyingozi enokuthi ivela kuyo.

Ukongezelela, ukuba iphupha libandakanya ukubulala i-cockroach enkulu, oku kuchazwa njengamandla omphuphi ukunqoba ubunzima kunye nokukhululeka kwiintlungu kunye nemithwalo enzima kuye.

Ukutolikwa kokubona amaphela ehamba emzimbeni

Ehlabathini lokutolika kwamaphupha, ukubonakala kwamaphela emzimbeni kuthwala iintsingiselo ezininzi kunye neengcamango ezivela kwisilumkiso ukuya kwimingeni.
Ubukho bamaphela emzimbeni ephupheni bunokubonisa ukuba umphuphi ubonakaliswe ngumona okanye amehlo amabi kubantu abamngqongileyo, ngakumbi abahlobo abanokuthi babe nomona ngenxa yezinto zakhe, iitalente, okanye izibonelelo zemali.
Kubalulekile ukuba umntu ophuphayo alumke aze athabathe amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuze azikhusele kwimiphumo yalo mona, njengokucengceleza rhoqo izikhungo nokukhupha iidemon ukuze afune ukukhuselwa nguThixo.

Amaphela angena emzimbeni ephupheni anokuthetha ukuba umphuphi uyagula okanye ubandakanyeka kubudlelwane nabantu abanokumenza iingxaki kunye nokulimala.
Ukuvela kwamaphela emzimbeni kubonisa ukulahla umona, ukuphiliswa kwizifo, ngaphezu kokukhupha abantu abanobuthi okanye ukusika ubudlelwane nabo emva kwexesha lobunzima.

Xa umntu ebona amaphela ephupheni ephuma emlonyeni wakhe, oku kusenokubonisa ukuba intliziyo izaliswe yintiyo nokunganeliseki, yaye kuphuma amazwi ahlabayo okanye angafanelekanga aphazamisa abanye.
Ngokukwanjalo, amaphela angena emlonyeni asenokumela ukusebenzisana nemali erhanelwayo okanye ukwenza izenzo neempazamo ezinokukhokelela ekuzisoleni kwixesha elizayo.

Iphupha malunga namaphela aphuma endlebeni libonisa ubukho babantu abathetha kakubi ngomphuphi, bezama ukulimaza igama lakhe phakathi kwabahlobo okanye kwindawo yomsebenzi.
Kucetyiswa ukuba ungagxininisi kwezi nkcazo.
Ngokuphathelele amaphela angena endlebeni ephupheni, kubonisa ukuphulaphula intlebendwane nokuzixakekisa ngezimvo neencoko zabantu, nto leyo esenokuvula indlela yeengxabano neengxaki.

Ukutolikwa kwephupha malunga nokutshiza amaphela nge-pesticide

Ekutolikweni kwamaphupha, ukubona amaphela athwala iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo ezibunjwe ngokwemeko yephupha.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zinto ziluphawu lwexhala kunye neengxaki ezinokuvela ebomini bomntu, ezinxulumene nobukho bobunzima okanye abantu abaneenjongo ezimbi kuye.
Nangona kunjalo, intsingiselo yahluke ngokupheleleyo xa uthatha amanyathelo athile ngakula maphela ephupheni, njengokuwabulala okanye ukuwatshiza ngesibulali-zinambuzane.

Xa umntu ephupha etshiza okanye ebulala amaphela, ithemba libonakala apha ekoyiseni imiqobo ekhoyo nokukhupha iingcinezelo ezimthwalisa nzima.
Ezi zenzo ngaphakathi kwephupha zibonisa umnqweno womntu kunye nemigudu yokuphelisa iimeko ezimbi ezimi endleleni yakhe, evakalisa isiqalo esitsha ngaphandle kwemithwalo kunye neengxabano ezimjikelezile.

Ukongezelela, inkqubo yokutshiza amaphela ngaphakathi kwephupha ibonisa isimemo kumntu ngamnye ukuba abonise kwaye alungiselele kakuhle ikamva lakhe.
Isebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokubaluleka kocwangciso olululo kunye nolungiselelo lokujongana nemingeni engaphambili ngokuzimisela nangamandla.
Ngale ndlela, iphupha lizibonakalisa njengesikhokelo esihle esikhuthaza ukuqonda kunye nokulungiselela ikamva eliqaqambileyo, ukuzuza kwizifundo ezifunyenwe kumava obomi bangaphambili.

Ukutolikwa kwephupha malunga namaphela afileyo

Ukubona amaphela afileyo emaphupheni kubonisa iintsingiselo ezintle kunye neentsingiselo.
Olu hlobo lwamaphupha luvakalisa iindaba ezilungileyo ezizayo kwixesha elizayo elingekude.
Umbono onjalo unokubonisa utshintsho ukusuka kwixesha elinzima eligcwele ubunzima ukuya kwinqanaba elonwabileyo nelizinzileyo.
Ukubona amaphela afileyo ephupheni luphawu lokushiya ngasemva iingxaki kunye neengxabano oye wazifumana kunye nokuqala kwesahluko esitsha esingenazo ezi ngxaki.

Emva kwexesha elide lokubandezeleka kunye nokuziva ungakhululekile, iphupha malunga namaphela afileyo limele ukukhululeka kwiingxaki eziye zahlala zibangela ukuba ungakhathazeki.
Eli phupha likwabonisa ukuphela kwemiqobo ehlala ihleli engqondweni yakho, yenza indlela yokuqalisa ubomi obutsha, obonwabileyo kunye noxolo.

Ukuba uhamba ngexesha loxinzelelo kunye neengxaki, ukubona amaphela ephupha ephupheni kunokubonakalisa umnqweno onzulu ongaphakathi kuwe wokulahla ezo ngxaki kwaye uqale phantsi.
Ingqondo engaphantsi kwengqondo inokubonakalisa lo mnqweno ngamaphupha aneempawu ezinjengokufa kwamaphela.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba ubona ephupheni lakho umzamo wokubulala i-cockroach kodwa akukho nto, oku kungabonisa ukuba ubunzima kunye neengcinezelo ziyaqhubeka ebomini bakho nangona unqwenela ngamandla ukuzikhupha.
Lo mbono ubonakalisa ukungakwazi ukoyisa imiqobo ngokulula.

Ngoko ke, kunokuthiwa amaphupha aqukethe amaphela afileyo ahlala eendaba ezonwabileyo kunye nesimboli sokuvuselela kunye noshintsho olungcono kubomi bomphuphi.

Ukutolikwa kokubona amaphela aphaphazelayo ephupheni

Ekutolikweni kwephupha, ukubona ama-cockroaches ahambayo aphethe iinkcazo ezininzi ezixhomekeke kumxholo kunye neenkcukacha zephupha.
Xa umntu ebona amaphela ephaphazela ephupheni, oku kunokubonisa ubukho babachasi abasuka kumajini abamchasayo.
Noko ke, ukuba lowo umphuphiyo ubona iphela libhabha limka kuye lingenzakalanga, oku kusenokubonisa ukukhululeka kwakhe kwingozi enokuvela kumagqwirha okanye abo baqhelisela ubugqwirha.

Ukuba amaphela ajikeleza ubuso bomntu ephupheni, loo nto isenokubonisa ukuba igama lalowo uphuphayo lonakaliswa ngabantu abonakeleyo abakwindawo akuyo.
Ukuba umntu uphupha ukuba amaphela abhabhayo athwele kuye, oku kunokubonisa ukuba uthembele kwimali engekho mthethweni ukuze aphile.

Ukuziva ukwesaba amaphela abhabha ephupheni kunokufanekisela ukuzisola kunye nokuguquka ngokujongana nabantu ababi okanye abantu abaneenjongo ezimbi.
Ukuba umntu uphupha ukuba ubaleka kwi-cockroach ephaphazelayo, oku kunokuthetha ukuba uya kusinda kwimeko eyingozi okanye iqhinga elalicetywa kuye.
Ukuphupha ngokubulala i-cockroach endizayo ingabonisa ukunqoba iingxaki okanye abantu abangela ingozi, ngezenzo zobubele kunye nobulungisa.

Ukutolikwa kwephupha malunga namaphela ahamba emzimbeni womntu

  • Ehlabathini lamaphupha, ukubona amaphela emzimbeni wendoda etshatileyo inokuthwala imilinganiselo emininzi yokomfuziselo enokubonakala inzima ekuqaleni.
  •  Xa indoda ifumana iphele emzimbeni wayo, oku kusenokubonisa ukuba ijamelene neengxaki zemali, njengelahleko okanye ukuqokelelana kwamatyala alindele ukuhlawulwa.
  • I-cockroach enkulu ephupheni lendoda inokufanekisela umqobo omkhulu okanye umntu onempembelelo embi engena kubomi bomphuphi, edala umthwalo kwiinzame zakhe kunye nokuthintela inkqubela yakhe.
  • Ukubona amaphela ebaleka emzimbeni wakhe aze anyamalale ngokukhawuleza kunokuba neempawu zosindiso kubantu abanomona abangqonge loo mntu.
  • Oku kubonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukoyisa imiqobo kunye nokucoca umoya wamandla angalunganga. 
    Ukuba ukungaboni ngasonye kuphazamisa ubudlelwane bomphuphi kunye nabathandekayo bakhe, iphupha linokuthiwa ngumqondiso wokuba nethemba, njengoko ukubona amaphela kulo mongo kubonisa amathemba ahlaziyiweyo okuba kunokwenzeka ukuxolelana kunye nokubuyiselwa kobudlelwane bobuhlobo kunye nokuzinza ngokweemvakalelo.

Ukutolikwa kokubona ukuhlaselwa kwe-cockroach ephupheni

Ekutolikweni kwephupha, ukubona amaphela ephupheni ngokuqhelekileyo kubonwa njengesibonakaliso sokujongana nobunzima okanye imingeni ngokwenene.
Ukuhlaselwa ngamaphela ephupheni kusenokubonakalisa imvakalelo yokuxhalaba ngomonakalo onokwenzeka okanye ilahleko leyo umntu asenokubonakala kuyo ngabantu abamngqongileyo.

Ngokukodwa, ukuba amaphela amnyama abonakala ehlasela umntu ephupheni lakhe, oku kungabonisa ubukho babantu ebomini bomphuphi abaneemvakalelo ezimbi okanye umona kuye.
Inani elikhulu lamaphela lifanekisela ukuziva ungenakunceda xa ujongene nemingeni kunye nemiqobo, enokuthi ibonakale kumntu ophuphayo ukuba zininzi kwaye zikhulu kunamandla akhe okujongana nazo.

Ukuphunyuka ekuhlaselweni kwe-cockroach ephupheni kunokubonisa ukuvakalelwa okanye ukungabi nakuzinceda phambi kwabantu ababi okanye iimeko zobomi.
Kwelinye icala, ukujongana nokoyisa olu hlaselo luphawu lwethemba namandla ekulweni le mingeni nokuphumelela ukoyisa ubunzima.

Xa ubona amaphela amakhulu ehlasela ephupheni, oku kunokuthetha ukubonakaliswa kwengozi kubantu abaphethe uhlobo oluthile lwegunya okanye impembelelo.
Ngelixa ukubona i-cockroach encinci ihlasela inokuthi ifanekisele umphuphi ophulaphule amagama angafunekiyo okanye izimvo zabanye.

Ukutolikwa kwephupha malunga nephela lindileqa

Kwilizwe lamaphupha, ukubonakala kwe-cockroach esukelayo kunokuba luphawu lwemingeni kunye nokujongana ngokwenyani.

  • Olu hlobo lwephupha lunokubonakalisa ubukho babantu ebomini bomphuphi onokuthi angabi neenjongo ezintle kuye, ezifuna ukuba aqaphele kwaye akhethe ngokucophelela ukuba ngubani ojikelezile.
  • Ukuba umvandedwa uyangena entliziyweni yomphuphi ebudeni beli phupha, oku kusenokubonisa ixesha lonxunguphalo nosizi asenokuba nalo.
  • Eli phupha linokutolikwa njengento ebonisa ukuba umntu ophuphayo ujongene nobunzima, ngakumbi abo banxulumene nenkalo yezemali, kunye nemvakalelo yokungakwazi ukuboyisa.
  • Ukuba i-cockroach ephupheni inkulu kwaye ihlala ixoshwa, ingabonisa ukuba iingxaki ezikhathazayo umphuphi zihambelana neengxabano zentsapho okanye ukungazinzi kubudlelwane bentsapho, okwenza kube yimfuneko ukuba alungise le miba ukubuyisela ukulinganisela ebomini bakhe. .

Ukutolikwa kwephupha malunga ne-cockroach eguqulweyo

Iphupha malunga ne-cockroach ephantsi, ehambelana neemvakalelo ezibuhlungu, ibonisa ubukho beengcinezelo zengqondo kunye neengcamango eziphazamisayo ezithwala umphuphi kwaye zenze kube nzima kuye ukucinga kakuhle.

Xa ubona i-cockroach efileyo ejonge phantsi, oku kubhengeza ukusondela kokoyisa imiqobo ekhoyo kunye nokungena kwinqanaba lozinzo noxolo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukubona eli qhude linemvakalelo yokudakumba libonisa ukuba imingeni yexesha elizayo inokutshintsha kakhulu ikhondo lobomi bomphuphi.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uvakalelo oluhamba nombono luvuyo, ngakumbi kwintombazana engatshatanga, ngoko oku kuphakamisa ukuphumelela okubonakalayo kunye nokuphucula kwi-horizon.

Ikhonkco elifutshane

Shiya uluvo

idilesi yakho ye-imeyile ayisayi kupapashwa.Iindawo ezigunyazisiweyo zibonisiwe nge *